自改革開放以來，留學美國的學生人數節節攀高，就中國出國留學學生比例看來，美國是受歡迎的留學國家，一是美國世界名校較多，另外是由于美國獨特的多元 化民族文化受到大家的廣泛歡迎。北京留學出國英語培訓學校環球美聯英語專項出國考試培訓，托福雅思考前培訓班幫助更多的學生打成出國夢想。

The U.S. is rapidly becoming more diverse as the nation's minorities -- driven largely by a surge in the Hispanic and Asian populations -- move beyond traditional 'gateway' cities into smaller cities and towns.

美國正在迅速成為一個更加多元化的國家，這在很大程度上歸因于拉美裔和亞洲裔人口的大幅增長。如今他們正由傳統的“門戶”大城市向著小城市和城鎮遷移。

A new study to be released Friday shows that of the roughly 15,000 places in the country -- defined as cities, towns, suburbs or rural areas that govern their own fiscal affairs -- some 82.6% were majority white in 2010, down from 93.4% in 1980. Places where whites made up at least 90% of the population fell even more sharply, to 36% in 2010 from 65.8% in 1980.

9月7日發布的一份新研究報告顯示，在美國大約1.5萬個地區（這里指財政自主的城市、城鎮、市郊和鄉村地區）中，白人人口所占比例由1980年的 93.4%降至2010年的82.6%；而白人占比90%以上的地區數量則出現了更明顯的下滑，由1980年的65.8%大幅降至2010年的36%。

The paper is part of the US 2010 Project at Brown University, a series of demographic research by academics around the country. It is one of a number of new studies showing that while big cities traditionally have been the nation's melting pots, today it is smaller cities and suburbs that are on the front lines of changing demographics and culture.

該報告是布朗大學（Brown University）“美國2010項目”（US 2010 Project）的一部分。“美國2010項目”是美國學術界在全美范圍內進行的一系列有關人口統計學的研究。這份報告顯示，大城市一直以來都是美國各族 群融合的大熔爐，而如今小城市和郊區已成為改變人口結構和文化的前沿陣地。近來還有不少類似研究均得出了同樣的結論。

'It sort of alerts everyone to the fact that diversity is becoming a part of daily life throughout the country, not just something that is confined to immigrant gateways or large cities,' said Barrett Lee, the US 2010 study's lead author and a sociology professor at Pennsylvania State University.

這份“美國2010項目”研究報告的主要作者、賓夕法尼亞州立大學（Pennsylvania State University）社會學教授巴雷特？李（Barrett Lee）說，這在一定程度上提醒大家一個事實：多元化正成為人們生活中的一部分──它不再局限于移民城市和大城市，而已成為遍及全美的社會現象。

In fact, some metro areas -- such as El Centro, Calif., and El Paso, Texas -- are becoming less diverse because of rapid growth of the minority populations.

事實上，由于少數族裔人口的快速增長，諸如加利福尼亞州埃爾森特羅（El Centro）和得克薩斯州艾爾帕索（El Paso）這樣的大都市地區反倒變得沒以前那么多元化了。

The US 2010 report scores the diversity of the nation's metro areas by how evenly a place's population is spread across five groups: Non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics of any race, African-Americans, Asians and an 'other' category largely made up of Native Americans, Alaska Natives and people of two or more races.

這份報告采用了一套評分方法來描述美國都市人口結構的多元化程度。該方法將人口分為五個族群──非拉美裔白人、拉美裔、非洲裔、亞洲裔和其他（“其他”項主要包括北美原住民、阿拉斯加原住民以及擁有兩種或兩種以上種族血統的人）。

A perfectly diverse place would have a population with exactly 20% of each category, and would score 100 on Mr. Lee's diversity scale. In 2010, the most diverse metropolitan area in the country, Vallejo, Calif. had a score of 89.3, with a population that was 41% white, 24% Hispanic, 15% Asian, 14% black, and 6% other.

按照李教授的評估標準，在一個完美的族群多元化地區，五個族群的人口占比應恰好均為20%──這樣的地區將得到100分。2010年，多元化程度高的美 國都市地區是加州的瓦列霍（Vallejo），得到89.3分。該地區人口結構中，41%為白人，24%為拉美裔，15%為亞洲裔，14%為非洲裔，還有 6%為“其他”。

Big economic centers remain very diverse. The San Francisco, Washington, New York, Houston and Los Angeles metro areas were all among the nation's top 10 most diverse places. But while some sprawling metropolitan areas have diverse populations, in many cases their neighborhoods remain segregated.

大型經濟中心的多元化程度依舊很高。舊金山、華盛頓、紐約、休斯頓和洛杉磯大都市地區至今仍在美國各地的族群多元化排名中名列前10。不過，在一些不斷擴張的都市地區擁有多元化人口結構的同時，其中很多地區卻依然存在著一些實行種族隔離的社區。

'In the Southwest and West, diversity seems to be translating into lower levels of segregation, but some of the most diverse areas on the East Coast and Midwest remain very highly segregated at the neighborhood level,' said John Logan, a professor at Brown and director of the US 2010 project.

“美國2010項目”的主管、布朗大學教授約翰？洛根（John Logan）說，在美國西南部和西部地區，多元化似乎可以被解讀為種族隔離程度較低，不過在美國東岸和中西部一些族群多元化程度高的地區，種族隔離現象在一些社區仍然十分明顯。

The U.S. has long been growing more diverse and the Census Bureau projects whites will make up less than half of the nation's population in 2042. Last year, non-Hispanic whites accounted for less than half of newborn children for the first time in U.S. history.

美國長期以來一直在向族群多元化發展。美國人口普查局（Census Bureau）預計，至2042年，白人在美國人口中所占比例將不足一半。去年，非拉美裔白人新生兒在全部新生嬰兒中所占比例出現了低于50%的情況，這在美國歷史上尚屬首次。

Today's demographic changes are being driven by the booming Hispanic and Asian populations. Hispanics' ranks jumped 42% between 2000 and 2010 to 50.5 million, or 1 in 6 Americans, and they now constitute the biggest minority group in the country. Blacks grew a modest 11% to 37.7 million. Hispanics are growing fast not just because women have more children on average, but also because the population is younger, with more women in their prime childbearing years.

當前人口統計數據上的變化主要源于拉美裔和亞洲裔人口的高速增長。2010年，拉美裔人口較2000年增長42%，達到5050萬，即每六個美國人里，就 有一個是拉美裔。拉美裔目前是美國大的少數族群。同期，美國非洲裔人口溫和增長11%，至3770萬人。拉美裔人口的快速增長，一方面的原因是這一族群 的女子往往生有更多的孩子；另一方面，拉美裔人口更年輕，有更多適齡生育的女子。

The number of Asians in the U.S. quadrupled between 1980 and 2010 to about 18 million, or 6% of the total population. They have increased diversity in cities such as Bellevue, Wash., a high-tech hub near Seattle. Much of the Asian influx has occurred since the '90s, when technology companies such as Microsoft Corp., based in nearby Redmond, sought workers. Asians now account for about 30% of Bellevue's 128,000 people.

1980-2010年間，美國的亞洲裔人口增長了三倍，達到1800萬，相當于美國總人口的6%。亞洲裔人口的到來進一步推動了華盛頓州貝爾維尤 （Bellevue）等城市的族群多元化。貝爾維尤是西雅圖附近的一個高科技產業中心。亞洲裔人口的涌入在上世紀90年代相當可觀，這主要歸因于當時微軟 （Microsoft Corp.）等科技公司的用工需求（微軟總部位于附近的雷德蒙德（Redmond））。目前貝爾維尤的12.8萬人口中，約有30%是亞洲裔。